Female Health Workers Attitude Towards Family Planning Knust
The earth is already teeming with people today. Some countries take reached overpopulation and could not nigh feed all the mouths of its countrymen. Overpopulation is at present considered an international crisis, and information technology is not only the job of the government to taper the overgrowth. As healthcare providers, nosotros must be able to brainwash our clients on the methods of family unit planning that can immensely assist the world in the control of the population.
Cess
Contraceptives are products used to forestall pregnancy past women and men. Each individual has their own choice in what contraceptive they want to apply, then you must assess their preference first before providing the all-time contraceptive for them.
- A pregnancy exam must be performed start to make sure that the adult female seeking for nativity control is non presently meaning.
- Assess for the OB history of the customer, whatever past sexually transmitted diseases, the status of the past pregnancies, and if they have used a family unit planning method that did not plough out effective.
- Assess subjectively the needs, preferences, desires, and feelings of the client regarding family planning.
- Appraise the sexual practices of the client, the frequency, the number of their sexual partners, and if they accept any allergies to latex.
Natural Family unit Planning
The natural family planning methods do not include whatever chemical or foreign trunk introduction into the human body. Most people who are very witting of their religious beliefs are more than inclined to apply the natural style of birth control. Some want to employ natural methods because it is more price effective.
Abstinence
- This natural method involves abstaining from sexual intercourse and is the most effective natural birth control method with ideally 0% fail rate.
- Information technology is also the well-nigh constructive way to avoid STIs.
- Even so, nearly people notice information technology difficult to comply with abstinence, so only a few of them use this method.
Agenda Method
- Likewise called as the rhythm method, this natural method of family unit planning involves refraining from coitus during the days that the woman is fertile.
- According to the menstrual cycle, three or 4 days before and 3 or four days subsequently ovulation, the woman is likely to conceive.
- The process in calculating for the woman's prophylactic days is achieved when the woman records her menstrual bicycle for six months.
- She subtracts 18 from the shortest cycle and the difference is the first fertile day.
- She also subtracts xi from the longest cycle, and this becomes the last fertile day.
- Starting from the first fertile day until the last day, the adult female should avoid coitus to avoid conception.
- Information technology has an platonic fail rate of 5%, but when used it has a typical fail rate of 25%.
Basal Body Temperature
- The basal body temperature is the adult female's temperature at rest.
- BBT falls at 0.5⁰F earlier the 24-hour interval of ovulation and during ovulation, it rises to a full degree because of progesterone and maintains its level throughout the menstrual bike, and this is the basis for the method.
- The adult female must have her temperature early every morning earlier any activity, and if she notices that there is a slight decrease then an increase in her temperature, this is a sign that she has ovulated.
- The woman must abstain from coitus for the side by side three days.
- The BBT method has an ideal fail rate of nine% and has a typical utilise neglect charge per unit of 25%.
Cervical Fungus Method
- The basis of this method is the changes in the cervical mucus during ovulation.
- To check if the woman is ovulating, the cervical mucus must be copious, thin, and watery.
- The cervical mucus must exhibit the property of spinnbarkeit, wherein it tin be stretched up until at least 1 inch and feels slippery.
- The fertile days of a woman according to this method is as long as the cervical mucus is copious and watery and a mean solar day after it. Therefore, she must avoid coitus during these days.
- When used typically, it has a neglect rate of 25%.
Symptothermal Method
- The symptothermal method is but a combination of the BBT method and the cervical mucus method.
- The woman takes her temperature every morning earlier getting up and likewise takes notation of any changes in her cervical mucus every day.
- She abstains from coitus iii days subsequently a rise in her temperature or on the fourth day after the summit of a mucus alter.
- Symptothermal method has an ideal failure rate of 2%.
Ovulation Detection
- The ovulation detection method is an over-the-counter kit that can predict ovulation through the surge of luteinizing hormone that happens 12 to 24 hours before ovulation.
- The kit requires the urine specimen of the adult female to detect the LH.
- The kit is 98% to 99% accurate and is fast becoming the method of pick by women.
Lactation Amenorrhea Method
- Through sectional breastfeeding of the infant, the woman is able to suppress ovulation through the method of lactation amenorrhea method.
- However, if the infant is not exclusively breastfed, this method would not be an effective nascence command method.
- Information technology is likewise best to advise the adult female that after 3 months of exclusive breastfeeding, she must brand plans of choosing another method of contraception.
Coitus Interruptus
- This is one of the oldest methods of contraception.
- The couple even so proceeds with the coitus, but the man withdraws the moment he ejaculates to emit the spermatozoa exterior of the vagina.
- The disadvantage of this method is the pre-ejaculation fluid that contains a few spermatozoa that may cause fertilization.
- Coitus interruptus is simply 75% effective because of this.
Hormonal Contraception
These hormonal contraceptives are constructive through manipulation of the hormones that directly touch the normal menstrual bicycle so that ovulation would non occur.
Oral Contraceptives
- As well known as the pill, oral contraceptives contain synthetic estrogen and progesterone.
- Estrogen suppresses the FSH and LH to suppress ovulation, while progesterone decreases the permeability of the cervical mucus to limit the sperm's admission to the ova.
- To use the pill, it is recommended that the woman takes the first pill on the first Sunday afterwards the beginning of a menstrual flow, or the woman may choose to beginning the pill as presently every bit information technology is prescribed.
- Advise the adult female that the first 7 days of taking the pill would yet not take an effect, and then the couple must employ another contraceptive method on the initial 7 days.
- If the adult female has skipped 1 day of taking the pill, she must take it the moment she remembers it, than notwithstanding follow the regular use of the contraceptive.
- If the woman has missed taking the pill for more than one 24-hour interval, she and her partner must consider an culling contraception to avoid ovulation.
- Side effects for OCs are nausea, weight gain, headache, chest tenderness, breakthrough haemorrhage, vaginal infections, mild hypertension, and depression.
- Contraindications to OCs are breastfeeding, age of 35 years and above, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, and cirrhosis.
Transdermal Patch
- The transdermal patch has a combination of both estrogen and progesterone in a form of a patch.
- For three weeks, the adult female should apply one patch every week on the following areas: upper outer arm, upper trunk, abdomen, or buttocks.
- At the fourth week, no patch is applied because the menstrual menstruum would then occur.
- The area where the patch is applied should exist clean, dry, free from whatever applications. And without any redness or irritation.
- Patches can exist worn while bathing or pond, only when the woman notices that the patch is loose, she should immediately replace the patch.
- If the patch has been loose for less than 24 hours, the adult female demand not use an culling course of contraceptive, only if she is not sure of how long the patch has been loose, she should supersede it and commencement with a new week cycle and as well use an additional contraceptive method.
Vaginal Ring
- The vaginal ring releases a combination of estrogen and progesterone and surrounds the cervix.
- This silicon ring is inserted vaginally and remains at that place for 3 weeks, then removed on the fourth week as menstrual period would occur.
- The woman becomes fertile equally before long every bit the band is removed.
- The vaginal ring has the same effectivity charge per unit as the oral contraceptives.
Subdermal Implants
- The subdermal implants are two rod-similar implants embedded under the pare of the woman during her menses or on the 7thursday solar day of her menstruation to make certain that she is not pregnant.
- Information technology contains etonogestrel, desogestrel, and progestin.
- Information technology is constructive for 3 to 5 years.
- Subdermal implants have a fail charge per unit of one%.
Hormonal Injections
- A hormonal injection consists of medroxyprogesterone, a progesterone, and given once every 12 weeks intramuscularly.
- The injection inhibits ovulation and causes changes in the endometrium and the cervical mucus.
- After administration the site should non be massaged so it could absorb slowly.
- It has an effectiveness of almost 100%, making it ane of the most popular choices for birth control.
- Propose the woman to ingest an acceptable corporeality of calcium in her diet as at that place is a hazard for decreased of bone mineral density and to engage in weight-bearing exercises.
Intrauterine Device
- An IUD is a small, T-shaped object that is inserted into the uterus via the vagina.
- It prevents fertilization past creating a local sterile inflammatory condition to prevent implantation.
- The IUD is fitted merely past the medico and inserted after the adult female'due south menstrual menstruum to be certain that she is not pregnant.
- The device contains progesterone and is effective for 5 to seven years.
- A adult female with IUD is advised to check the menstruum of her flow every month and the IUD string, and also to take a pelvic examination yearly.
Chemical Barriers
- Chemical barriers such equally spermicides, vaginal gels and creams, and glycerin films are too used to crusade the death of sperms earlier they can enter the neck and also lower the pH level of the vagina and then it volition not become conducive for the sperm.
- These chemical barriers cannot prevent sexually transmitted infections; however, they can be bought without any prescription.
- The ideal neglect rate of chemical barriers is lxxx%.
Diaphragm
- A diaphragm works by inhibiting the archway of the sperm into the vagina.
- Information technology is a circular, rubber disk that fits the neck and should exist placed earlier coitus.
- If a spermicide is combined with the use of a diaphragm, there is a failure rate of 6% ideally and 16% typically.
- The diaphragm should exist fitted simply by the dr., and should remain in place for vi hours afterward coitus.
- It tin be left in identify for not more than 24 hours to avoid inflammation or irritation.
Cervical Cap
- The cervical cap is another bulwark method that is fabricated of soft rubber and fitted on the rim of the cervix.
- It is shaped similar a thimble with a thin rim, and could stay in place for not more than 48 hours.
Male person Condoms
- The male condom is a latex or synthetic rubber sheath that is placed on the cock penis before vaginal penetration to trap the sperm during ejaculation.
- It can foreclose STIs and can exist bought over-the-counter without whatever fitting needed.
- Male person condoms have an ideal neglect charge per unit of two% and a typical fail rate of xv% due to a suspension in the sheath's integrity or spilling.
- After sexual intercourse, the rubber is removed to be disposed.
Female Condoms
- These are also latex rubber sheaths that are specially designed for females and prelubricated with spermicide.
- Information technology has an inner ring that covers the neck and an outer, open ring that is placed against the vaginal opening.
- These are disposable and require no prescription.
- The fail rate of female person condoms is 12% to 22%.
Surgical Methods
One of the most constructive nativity control methods is the surgical method. The two kinds of surgical methods are used by either the male or the female, and would ensure that formulation is inhibited after the surgery for as long as the customer lives.
Vasectomy
- Males undergo vasectomy, which is executed through a small incision made on each side of the scrotum.
- The vas deferens is then tied, cauterized, cut, or plugged to block the passage of the sperm.
- This process is done with local anesthesia, so advise the patient that balmy local pain can be felt after the procedure.
- Advise the patient to utilise a dorsum-up contraceptive method until 2 negative sperm count results are performed because the sperm could remain viable in the vas deferens for six months.
- At that place is a 99.v% accuracy rate for vasectomy and has a few complications.
Tubal Ligation
- In women, tubal ligation is performed by occluding the fallopian tubes through cutting, cauterizing, or blocking to inhibit the passage of the both the sperm and the ova.
- Afterward menstruation and before ovulation, the process is done through a small incision under the woman'due south umbilicus.
- A laparoscope is used to visualize the surgery, and the patient is nether local anesthesia.
- The woman may return to her sexual activities after two to three days of the performance.
- Brainwash that menstrual cycle would still occur, and make sure that coitus before ligation is protected to avoid ectopic pregnancy.
- The effectiveness of this method is at 99.v%.
The reproductive system is our tool as humans to multiply or procreate. However, the world would go unlivable if the growth of the population continues to boom. Yous have a choice amid all these nativity control methods, and these are only a phone call to be a responsible parent and citizen.
Source: https://nurseslabs.com/family-planning-methods/
0 Response to "Female Health Workers Attitude Towards Family Planning Knust"
Post a Comment